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Fall 2008
PNWWATER 141
The Pacific Northwest:

Four States, Three Ecoregions

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Four PNW states with 3 ecoregionsThe states of Alaska, Idaho, Oregon, and Washington comprise a region known as the Pacific Northwest. This region consists of 920,000 square miles or 26 percent of the USA’s land area. The population is approximately 12,000,000 or 4.5 percent of the USA’s population. Within the region are five land grant institutions: Northwest Indian College, Oregon State University, University of Alaska, University of Idaho, and Washington State University. Surveys have repeatedly shown that water is considered to be the most important natural resource issue in the region. Over 90 percent of the adult population considers clean drinking water, clean rivers, and clean drinking water extremely important.

The Pacific Northwest regional water quality coordinating team has been active for over 100 months. We have developed a tradition of working together well. We realize that as individual states we cannot meet all the water research, Extension, and educational needs that exist. Each state has lost several water-related positions in the last 15 years. However, working as a region we can pool our efforts, minimize redundancies, set regional priorities based on thematic areas, and efficiently and effectively meet the needs of people in the region. Our regional team has forged a strong working relationship with EPA Region 10 and improved working relationships with USDA-NRCS, state, and local agencies. Our philosophy is to provide science-based information so that people can make decisions in their lives that will improve and/or protect water quality. Perhaps our most important accomplishment is that we think as a region instead of as separate states when it comes to Extension water quality programming. In the research area we are beginning to think more like a region—much more so than before this project began.

Table 1. General geographic and demographic characteristics of the three ecoregions in the Pacific Northwest states of Alaska, Idaho, Oregon, and Washington.
Ecoregion Population Description Annual precipitation Temperature regime
I7,000,000western WA
western OR
southeast AK
35 to 200 inchesCool, wet winters;
Mild summers
II 3,000,000 eastern WA
eastern OR
Idaho
8 to 30 inches Coor or cold winters;
Hot, dry summers
III 450,000 Alaska (excluding the southeast) Less than 40 inches Cold winters;
Cool summers
Washington State University logo University of Idaho logo Oregon State University logo University of Alaska Fairbanks logo Northwest Indian College logo Environmental Protection Agency logo USDA-NIFA logo

Pacific Northwest Regional Water
Quality Coordination Project
Partners

Land Grant Universities
Alaska
Cooperative Extension Service
Contact Fred Sorensen:
907-786-6311
http://www.uaf.edu/ces/water/
University Publications:
http://www.alaska.edu/uaf/ces/publications/

Idaho
University of Idaho
Cooperative Extension System
Contact Bob Mahler: 208-885-7025
http://www.uidaho.edu/wq/wqhome.html
University Publications:
http://info.ag.uidaho.edu/Catalog/catalog.html

Oregon
Oregon State University
Extension Service
Contact Mike Gamroth: 541-737-3316
http://extension.oregonstate.edu/
University Publications:
http://extension.oregonstate.edu/catalog/

Washington
Washington State University
WSU Extension
Contact Bob Simmons:
360-427-9670 ext. 690
http://wawater.wsu.edu/
University Publications:
http://pubs.wsu.edu/

Northwest Indian College
Contact Charlotte Clausing:
360-392-4319
cclausing@nwic.edu or
http://www.nwic.edu/

Water Resource Research Institutes
Water and Environmental Research
Center (Alaska)
http://www.uaf.edu/water/

Idaho Water Resources
Research Institute
http://www.boise.uidaho.edu/

Institute for Water and Watersheds
(Oregon)
http://water.oregonstate.edu/

State of Washington
Water Research Center
http://www.swwrc.wsu.edu/

Environmental Protection Agency
EPA, Region 10
The Pacific Northwest
http://www.epa.gov/r10earth/

Office of Research and Development,
Corvallis Laboratory
http://www.epa.gov/wed/

For more information contact
Jan Seago at 206-553-0038 or
seago.jan@epa.gov

The Project
Land Grant Universities, Water Research Institutes and EPA Region 10 have formed a partnership to provide research and education to communities about protecting or restoring the quality of water resources. This partnership is being supported in part by the USDA’s National Institute of Food and Agriculture (NIFA).

Our Goal and Approach
The goal of this Project is to provide leadership for water resources research, education and outreach to help people, industry and governments to prevent and solve current and emerging water quality and quantity problems. The approach to achieving this goal is for the Partners to develop a coordinated regional water quality effort based on, and strengthening, individual state programs.

Our Strengths
The Project promotes regional collaboration by acknowledging existing programs and successful efforts; assessing program gaps; identifying potential issues for cross-agency and private sector collaboration, and developing a clearinghouse of expertise and programs. In addition, the Project establishes or enhances partnerships with federal, state and local environmental and water resource management agencies, such as by placing a University Liaison within the offices of EPA Region 10.

Ecoregions
For programming we have eliminated state boundaries and targeted our programs to be delivered on an ecoregion basis. We have divided the Pacific Northwest into three ecoregions (Table 1). Ecoregion I consists of Washington and Oregon west of the Cascades and southeastern Alaska. Approximately 7,000,000 people live in this wet ecoregion that is characterized by high annual precipitation (>35 inches), cool, wet winters and mild summers. Ecoregion II consists of Idaho and all of Washington and Oregon east of the Cascades. This ecoregion is relatively dry as annual precipitation ranges from 8 to 30 inches. Approximately 3,000,000 people call this region home that has cool or cold winters and hot, dry summers. Alaska, excluding the southeastern panhandle is ecoregion III. This region is relatively dry and has cool summers and cold winters.

Water resource programming by ecoregion is an efficient use of land grant institution resources. For instance, when we develop a programming effort on the use of rain gardens to reduce storm water runoff, this program can be delivered throughout the wet ecoregion I. All the costs and infrastructure involved in the development and delivery of a single program effectively meets the needs in parts of three states (Washington, Alaska, Oregon). In addition, a web page developed about effective irrigation management in agriculture can be effectively targeted at people in ecoregion II. Thus, we can deliver educational information at one time to people managing the 6,000,000 irrigated acres of farmland in Idaho, Oregon and Washington.

Programming on an ecoregion basis will allow us to more effectively reach a larger percentage of the public in Alaska, Idaho, Oregon, and Washington with out increasing the need for additional resources.

National Water Quality Program Areas

The four land grant universities in the Pacific Northwest have aligned our water resource extension and research efforts with eight themes of the USDA's National Institute of Food and Agriculture.

  1. Animal Waste Management
  2. Drinking Water and Human Health
  3. Environmental Restoration
  4. Nutrient and Pesticide Management
  5. Pollution Assessment and Prevention
  6. Watershed Management
  7. Water Conservation and Agricultural Water Management
  8. Water Policy and Economics
This material is based upon work supported by the
National Institute of Food and Agriculture, U. S. Department of Agriculture,
under Agreement No 2008-51130-4734.

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A cooperative program consisting of the USDA National Institute of Food and Agriculture
and
the Land Grant Colleges and Universities.

- a Regionally-Based National Network -

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USDA National Institute of Food and Agriculture
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NIFA National Water Quality Program

This material is based upon work supported by the National Institute of Food and Agriculture, U.S. Department of Agriculture, under Agreement No. 2008-51130-04734.

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page last modified on September 30, 2008

NIFA PNW Regional Water Quality Program